Tveit made his Broadway in 2006 as Link Larkin in the musical , having previously played the role in the national tour. Following his success in Hairspray, he went on to originate the roles of Gabe in and Frank Abagnale, Jr. in . Other significant roles include Fiyero in on Broadway, Dean in the Off-Broadway musical Saved, D'Artagnan in the musical The Three Musketeers at and Roger in Rent at the Hollywood Bowl.
On television, Tveit played the recurring character William "Tripp" van der Bilt III on "Gossip Girl," and is currently starring as Mike Warren on "Graceland." On film, he recently appeared as Enjolras in the musical "Les Mis茅rables."